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新春走基层丨厦门北站的巾帼“水总管”******
新华社厦门1月10日电题：厦门北站的巾帼“水总管”
新华社记者颜之宏
1月9日凌晨4点多，天还没亮，厦门的微风带着阵阵寒意，尚有倦意的汪美端已经起床。她给一家人做好早饭，就匆匆赶往厦门北站的工作岗位上。除了照顾家庭，汪美端还有另一重身份，那就是这座繁忙高铁站的“水总管”。
什么是“水总管”？通俗地说，无论是普速列车还是高铁动车，在行驶途中都需要向旅客提供饮用和洗漱用水，这些水由给水员在列车停站期间注入列车自带的水箱中。由于给水员要在列车停站的极短时间内人工完成注水操作，同时还要确保自身在股道上的作业安全，因此铁路职工亲切地称他们为“水总管”。
1月9日，注水完成后，汪美端确认列车水箱水位。新华社记者颜之宏 摄
“G2380列车进站，给水员请加水。”9日5时30分，对讲机里传来指令，厦门北站的首班列车即将发车，汪美端和同事开始在铁路股道上前后忙碌。两个给水员要在15分钟内完成8节车厢的注水任务。汪美端熟练地整理着数十斤重的水管，随后快速插入列车水箱，拧开龙头，随着“哗”的一声响动，自来水喷涌而入，水箱的数显水位表读数开始跃动。
“G2380加水完毕，水管脱离！”在完成8节车厢的注水任务后，汪美端和同事还要再仔细确认水管是否均已脱离列车。在一阵鸣笛声后，列车缓缓出站。
1月9日，完成注水操作后，汪美端目送列车驶离。新华社记者颜之宏 摄
春运期间的厦门北站异常繁忙，需要加水的列车数量从此前的一天四五十趟增加至当前的六七十趟。高铁列车一般是8节车厢，重联动车组是16节，而普速列车有18节车厢，这意味着给水员们的工作量将在这几天翻番。“忙点儿好，忙就是我们铁路人的‘年味儿’。”汪美端说，今年是“新十条”实施后的第一个春运，也是她担任给水员以来的第一个春运。
2022年9月，年近四十的汪美端入职成为一名给水员，而她从事这个工作的原因之一就是要给孩子“树榜样”。原来，汪美端的大女儿去年9月步入高三，作为一名艺考生，每天都要早起练习绘画。对于新的作息规律，处在青春懵懂期的孩子对此有些抵触情绪。“咱们打个赌，你能做到的，妈妈也能做到！”就这样，母女俩定下了一年之约，汪美端也从一名家庭主妇变成“水总管”。
1月9日，列车停站后，汪美端将水管插入列车水箱内完成注水作业。新华社记者 颜之宏 摄
厦门北站的26名给水员，一半由女性组成，今年已经53岁的王彩龙也是其中的一员。“有退休工资、有房租收入，还乐于做又苦又累的给水员。”这是同事们对王彩龙的评价。
四年前，已经做奶奶的王彩龙毅然报名成为一名铁路给水员。“男人们能干的活，我们女人一样能干，而且干得比他们好！”
1月9日，厦门北站的给水员班组在交接班前点名。新华社记者颜之宏 摄
对给水员来说，晴天时，列车扬起的灰尘让人“灰头土脸”；而在雨天中作业，不一会儿就会浑身湿透。9日下午，王彩龙和她的同事们在大雨中给列车补水，列车开行刮起的风快速带走股道上的热量，寒意袭来，王彩龙和她的同事们身体都在微微颤抖……
在今年的返乡途中，当您在列车上斟满一杯热茶或泡上一碗泡面时，看看窗外，或许能看到“水总管”们在春运大幕后的辛勤付出。
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎） [责编：天天中] 阅读剩余全文（）  视觉焦点
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